Developmental Language Disorder
Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is one of the most common childhood conditions. However, it is often overlooked, misunderstood, or missed entirely. DLD is defined as a persistent difficulty with understanding and/or using language that cannot be explained by another condition, such as hearing loss, intellectual disability, or autism. Children with DLD may have difficulties with vocabulary, sentence structure, following instructions, or expressing their ideas clearly. As such, many children with DLD appear to be developing typically on the surface, but experience significant challenges understanding and using language in everyday life.
Research by Norbury et al. (2016), highlights DLD as a “hidden condition” because its difficulties are not always obvious. Since language underpins so many aspects of development, these challenges can affect not only communication, but also learning, behaviour, and social interactions. Unfortunately, many children do not receive the support they need until their challenges have already impacted their learning, friendships, and emotional wellbeing.
What Is the Latest Research?
One of the key messages from the research is that DLD can be difficult to identify. Unlike more visible conditions, children with DLD may use basic conversational language that mask underlying difficulties or be perceived as shy, inattentive, or behaviourally challenging.
Is Early Intervention Important?
In early years, delays may be subtle or attributed to “late talking” but as children grow, the language demands of school increase, and difficulties often become more noticeable, particularly with understanding instructions, learning new vocabulary, and expressing ideas clearly. Socially, children also may struggle to follow conversations, interpret social cues, or express themselves effectively. Over time, this can lead to frustration, reduced confidence, and increased risk of emotional difficulties. Importantly, these challenges are not due to a lack of effort or ability but reflect the underlying differences in how their brain processes language.
Many research has consistently found that early identification and intervention can significantly improve outcomes. When children receive the right support, they can develop stronger language skills, improve their ability to access learning, and build confidence in communication. Early support also helps reduce the long-term impact on academic achievement and social wellbeing. Speech pathologists play a key role in identifying and supporting children with DLD. Assessment focuses on understanding a child’s strengths and areas of need across language, communication, and learning. Therapy is tailored and functional to facilitate their development. Additionally, support often extends beyond the therapy room. Speech pathologists work with families and educators to ensure strategies are embedded into everyday environments, helping children use their skills in real-life situations.
Developmental Language Disorder may be ‘hidden’, but its impact is significant. With the right support, children with DLD can develop the skills they need to communicate, learn, and thrive. Understanding and awareness are the first steps in ensuring no child’s difficulties go unnoticed.
If you have concerns about your child or know someone who may have DLD please contact Perth Speech Therapy. We strive to support everyone in achieving their full potential.
Reference:
Norbury, C., Griffiths, S., Goh, S. K. Y., Boyes, M., Hill, E., & Viding, E. (2024). Developmental language disorder: a hidden condition. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 8(7), 473-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00016-6